In Ancient Greece, it took twelve years to finish the statue. They dragged the heavy stones to the statue up the hill. It was very hard work for them. But the Romans were clever. They built grand buildings of marble and stone because they invented cranes to lift the heavy blocks of stone. The Pantheons is one of Roma's greatest building.
Tall cathedrals were built in the Middle Ages. Then they made scaffolding out of long pieces of wood tied together with rope. By the 1900s, they began to use metal scaffloling instead-hollow metal tubes, with clips to join them together.
In Far Easterm countries like China and Malaysia most scaffolding is made of bamboo, because it's very strong and light and cheap. Scaffolding is used many place, for example the stage for outdoor convert, in theatres to support scenery and lighting.

New words
mortar:セメント
motor:モーター
vertical:垂直の
colossus:巨像
diagonal:斜めの ( )