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In The Bureaucratic Phenomenon Michel Crozier demonstrates that bureaucratic institutions need to be understood in terms of the cultural context in which they operate. The originality of the study lies in its association of two widely different approaches: the theory of decision-making in large organizations and the cultural analysis of social patterns of action. The book opens with a detailed examination of two forms of French public service. These studies show that professional training and distortions alone cannot ex plain the rise of routine behavior and dysfunctional "vicious circles." The role of various bureaucratic systems appears to depend on the pattern of power relation ships between groups and individuals. Crozier's findings lead him to the view that bureaucratic structures form a necessary protection against the risks inherent in collective action. Since systems of protection are built around basic cultural traits, the author presents a French bureaucratic model based on centralization, strata isolation, and individual sparkle-one that that can be contrasted with an American, Russian, or Japanese model. He points out how the same patterns can be found in several areas of French life: education, industrial relations, politics, business, and the colonial policy. Bureaucracy, Crozier concludes, is not a modern disease resulting from organizational progress but rather a bulwark against development. The breakdown of the traditional bureaucratic system in modern France offers hope for new and fruitful forms of action.… (más)
A welcome mix of theory and practice. Crozier performed two case studies of bureaucracy (in a public and in a relatively private setting) to examine the pathological aspect of their nature. A good analysis and description of the vicious cycle of centralization and impersonality in large modern organizations. ( )
Información procedente del Conocimiento común italiano.Edita para encontrar en tu idioma.
Si può dire che gran parte della sociologia di Weber è la descrizione di un processo evolutivo delle società umane. Questoi processo è dominato dalla burocratizzazione e dalla razionalizzazione. I due fenomeni sono strettamenti connessi, fino ad avere in qualche contesto lo stesso significato.
Introduzione di Paolo Maranini
Non occorre insistere sull'importanza che le grandi organizzazioni hanno assunto e sempre più assumeranno nelle società moderne.
Citas
Últimas palabras
Información procedente del Conocimiento común italiano.Edita para encontrar en tu idioma.
Si può dire in conclusione che integrando sia il mutamento (anche quello di tipo burocratico, per crisi) sia la lotta per il potere, negli schemi dell'analisi formalistica dei processi sociali, Crozier apre prospettive di una certa fecondità o per lo meno corregge due evidenti pericoli (solo in apparenza contrastanti) del funzionalismo: quello di assorbire del tutto l'uomo in schemi cibernetici totali, e quello di un iperspiritualismo di derivazione durkheimiana e di natura prettamente ideologica.
Non sorprende che una societa come la società francese, che era riuscita a elaborare, all'epoca preindustriale e durante i primi periodi dell'industrializzazione, una delle culture più soddisfacenti dal punto di vista dell'individuo, sia restata attaccata più a lungo delle società vicine al tipo di equilibrio burocratico e borghese che le aveva consentito quel risultato. Ma si può sperare che, nel momento in cui il cambiamento diventa un'esigenza imprescindibile, la sfida che le viene lanciata la porterà a dare a sua volta un contributo originale, allo sviluppo di un umanesimo nuovo, adatto alle nuove forme organizzative, ai nuovi modelli d'azione e alla nuova concezione della razonalità.
In The Bureaucratic Phenomenon Michel Crozier demonstrates that bureaucratic institutions need to be understood in terms of the cultural context in which they operate. The originality of the study lies in its association of two widely different approaches: the theory of decision-making in large organizations and the cultural analysis of social patterns of action. The book opens with a detailed examination of two forms of French public service. These studies show that professional training and distortions alone cannot ex plain the rise of routine behavior and dysfunctional "vicious circles." The role of various bureaucratic systems appears to depend on the pattern of power relation ships between groups and individuals. Crozier's findings lead him to the view that bureaucratic structures form a necessary protection against the risks inherent in collective action. Since systems of protection are built around basic cultural traits, the author presents a French bureaucratic model based on centralization, strata isolation, and individual sparkle-one that that can be contrasted with an American, Russian, or Japanese model. He points out how the same patterns can be found in several areas of French life: education, industrial relations, politics, business, and the colonial policy. Bureaucracy, Crozier concludes, is not a modern disease resulting from organizational progress but rather a bulwark against development. The breakdown of the traditional bureaucratic system in modern France offers hope for new and fruitful forms of action.
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