Galileo Galilei (1564–1642)
Autor de Diálogo sobre los dos máximos sistemas del mundo ptolemáico y copernicano
Sobre El Autor
Galileo Galilei, the great astronomer and physicist whose researches played so crucial a role in the history of science, also occupies an important place in the history of philosophy for his part in overthrowing the predominant Aristotelian concept of the nature of the universe. Galileo considered mostrar más himself a philosopher and referred to himself as such on the title pages of his most influential works. Much recent research has been devoted to examining both the philosophical background of Galileo's scientific achievements and the philosophical implications of his scientific method. Born in Pisa, the eldest son of a famous music theorist, Galileo entered on the study of medicine at the University of Pisa but quickly shifted his interest to mathematics. From 1589 to 1592, he taught mathematics at Pisa while studying independently with Jacopo Mazzoni, a distinguished professor of philosophy. His earliest scientific works, directed against Aristotle's account of freely falling bodies, date from this period. In 1592 he moved to Padua, where he lectured on mathematics and astronomy, and by 1597 he was defending the Copernican helicocentric theory of the universe in a letter to his friend Mazzoni. When in 1609, he learned of the invention of the telescope in Holland, Galileo quickly designed an improved version of the instrument for his own astronomical observations. His startling discoveries---including the satellites of Jupiter---were revealed in 1610 in his Starry Messenger (Sidereus nuncius), which led to his appointment as mathematician and philosopher to the Grand Duke of Tuscany. On a visit to Rome in 1611, he demonstrated the power of his instrument and defended the Copernican worldview in learned circles. Church authorities were divided on the question of whether the Copernican theory was consistent with scriptural accounts of the cosmos, and Galileo's position was attacked on theological grounds. He defended himself eloquently in his famous Letter to the Grand Duchess Christina (1615), arguing for the independence of scientific inquiry from theological constraints. Nevertheless, in the following year, he was forbidden to hold or teach the Copernican view. Retiring to Florence to pursue his scientific researches, Galileo let the Copernican question lie until a new pope, Urban VIII, seemed to offer a more favorable reception to his views. In 1632 he brought out his great Dialogue Concerning the Two Chief World Systems, a presentation of the Ptolemaic-Aristotelian and Copernican systems heavily weighted in favor of the scientific superiority of the latter. In spite of the support of his Florentine and Roman friends, Galileo was tried and forced to recant his defense of helicocentrism under the threat of torture; the Dialogue was placed on the Index of Prohibited Books and its author sentenced to house arrest for life. Galileo's last years were spent in scientific investigations that culminated in the publication of his Discourses on Two New Sciences (1638). Galileo's legacy as a philosopher lies in his outspoken defense of the autonomy of scientific investigation from philosophical and theological authority, and his conviction that mathematical proofs can and should be sought in physical science, that celestial and terrestrial phenomena can be accounted for by a single set of scientific laws, and that scientific explanations cannot be divorced from direct empirical observation of phenomena. (Bowker Author Biography) mostrar menos
Créditos de la imagen: Justus Sustermans
Series
Obras de Galileo Galilei
Discorsi : unterredungen und mathematische Beweisführungen zu zwei neuen Wissensgebieten (2013) 8 copias
Galileo's Early Notebooks. The Physical Questions. A Translation from the Latin, with Historical and… (1977) 6 copias
Le opere di Galileo Galilei volume 4 4 copias
Il compasso geometrico e militare di Galileo Galilei : testi, annotazioni, e disputa negli scritti di G. Galilei, M.… (1992) 4 copias
Prose scelte 3 copias
Scritti letterari 3 copias
Galileo Interactive DVD 3 copias
Frammenti e lettere 3 copias
Galilei (volume primo) 3 copias
Galileu & Newton 2 copias
Galileo Galilei on Motion and Mechanics: Comprising De Motu (ca. 1590) and Le Meccaniche (ca. 1600) (1960) 2 copias
Mathematical discourses concerning two new sciences relating to mechanicks and local motion, in four dialogues. By… (2010) 2 copias
Dos lecciones infernales : dos lecciones ante la Academia Florentina acerca de la forma, la ubicación y el… (2012) 2 copias
Galileo Galilei: Opere 2 copias
Opere volume I 2 copias
Against the donning of the gown 2 copias
La prosa 2 copias
Galilei (volume secondo) 2 copias
The Sidereal Messenger Of Galileo Galilei: And A Part Of The Preface To Kepler's Dioptrics (1880) (2010) 2 copias
Galileo e gli scienziati del Seicento — Autor — 2 copias
Arutlusi ja matemaatilisi tõestuskäike kahe uue teadusharu vallast, mehaanika ning maapealsete liikumiste… (2024) 2 copias
Ground Power #105 1 copia
Ground Power #104 1 copia
Discourse on the Tides 1 copia
Lettera a Cristina di Lorena sui rapporti tra l'autorita della scrittura e la liberta della scienza 1 copia
Rime 1 copia
Duas Novas Ciências 1 copia
Opere 1 1 copia
Vita ed opere: per saggi criticamente disposti delle sue lettere e delle sue prose scientifiche 1 copia
Opere 2 1 copia
Galileu 1 copia
Problema della verità, Il 1 copia
Ground Power #108 1 copia
Ground Power #109 1 copia
Die 80er Jahre 1 copia
El ensayador 1 copia
The Sidereal Messenger Of Galileo Galilei: And A Part Of The Preface To Kepler's Dioptrics (1880) (2010) 1 copia
SIDEREUS NUNCUS 1 copia
Die 50er Jahre 1 copia
Die 60er Jahre 1 copia
Die 70er Jahre 1 copia
Die 90er Jahre 1 copia
Galilei [Opere di] 1 copia
Il saggiatore nel quale conbilancia esquisita e giusta si ponderano le cose contenute nella libra astronomica e… (2019) 1 copia
'On motion' and 'On mechanics' 1 copia
Ground Power #129 1 copia
Ground Power #155 1 copia
Ground Power #133 1 copia
Ground Power #139 1 copia
Ground Power #140 1 copia
Ground Power #141 1 copia
Ground Power #142 1 copia
Ground Power #153 1 copia
Ground Power #154 1 copia
Ground Power #158 1 copia
Great Books 28 1 copia
Ground Power #161 1 copia
Ground Power #170 1 copia
Ground Power #174 1 copia
Ground Power #178 1 copia
Ground Power #146 1 copia
Ground Power #147 1 copia
I dialoghi sui massimi sistemi 1 copia
Dos lecciones infernales : dos lecciones ante la Academia Florentina acerca de la forma, la ubicación y el tamaño del… (2011) 1 copia
Pensieri, motti e sentenze 1 copia
Lettera a Cristina di Lorena 1 copia
I Dialoghi Di Galileo Galilei Sui Massimi Sistemi Tolemaico E Copernicano: Volume Unico (Classic Reprint) (Italian… (2017) 1 copia
Opere letterarie 1 copia
De motu 1 copia
Pensieri, Motti e Sentenze 1 copia
Dialogo di Galileo Galilei ... : doue ne i congressi di quattro giornate si discorre sopra i due massimi sistemi del… (1999) 1 copia
Opere Discorso interno alle cose che stanno in su l' acqua-Lettere Copernicane-Il saggiatore-Lettere 1 copia
Opere vol. 34° 1 copia
The Private Life Of Galileo: Compiled Principally From His Correspondence And That Of His Eldest Daughter, Maria… (2008) 1 copia
Rime 1 copia
Lettera a Cristina di Lorena 1 copia
Problema della verità, Il 1 copia
Sidereus Nuncius e lettere 1 copia
Opere vol. 2 1 copia
The Sidereal Messenger of Galileo Galilei and a Part of the Preface to Kepler's Dioptrics Containing the Original… (2016) 1 copia
Diálogos sobre dos nuevas ciencias. Jornada Segunda / Galileo Galilei ; [prólogo de José Calavera] (1981) 1 copia
Galileo's Letter about the Libration of the Moon: A Critical Study, Transcription, and Translation 1 copia
A Letter from Galileo Galilei: A Long-lost Letter from Galileo to Peiresc on a Magnetic Clock 1 copia
Il pensiero di Galileo Galilei 1 copia
I dialoghi di Galileo Galilei sui massimi sistemi Tolemaico e Copernicano (Italian Edition) (1874) 1 copia
Due lezioni all'Accademia Fiorentina circa la figura, sito e grandezza dell'Inferno di Dante (Italian Edition) (2019) 1 copia
Noticiero sideral 1 copia
Obras relacionadas
The Scientific Background to Modern Philosophy: Selected Readings (1989) — Contribuidor — 150 copias
Mechanics in sixteenth-century Italy;: Selections from Tartaglia, Benedetti, Guido Ubaldo, & Galileo (University of… (1969) — Contribuidor — 10 copias
Etiquetado
Conocimiento común
- Nombre canónico
- Galilei, Galileo
- Nombre legal
- Galilei, Galileo di Vincenzo Bonaiuti de'
- Otros nombres
- GALILEI, Galileo
- Fecha de nacimiento
- 1564-02-15
- Fecha de fallecimiento
- 1642-01-08
- Lugar de sepultura
- Church of Santa Croce, Florence, Italy
- Género
- male
- Nacionalidad
- Tuscany
- País (para mapa)
- Italy
- Lugar de nacimiento
- Pisa, Duchy of Florence
- Lugar de fallecimiento
- Arcetri, Grand Duchy of Tuscany
- Lugares de residencia
- Pisa, Italy (birth)
Padua, Italy
Florence, Tuscany, Italy - Educación
- Pisa University
- Ocupaciones
- professor(mathematics ∙ Padua University)
astronomer
mathematician
writer
author
philosopher - Relaciones
- Celeste, Sister Maria (daughter)
- Organizaciones
- University of Pisa
University of Padua - Premios y honores
- Accademia dei Ricovrati
- Biografía breve
- How can one summarize Galileo? He asked questions no one could answer, and then invented ways to answer them himself. He was the great Italian physicist, mathematician, astronomer, and philosopher, and the father of modern science.
Miembros
Debates
Galileo Galilei en Legacy Libraries (enero 2014)
Reseñas
Listas
Folio Society (1)
Premios
También Puede Gustarte
Autores relacionados
Estadísticas
- Obras
- 226
- También por
- 9
- Miembros
- 3,381
- Popularidad
- #7,537
- Valoración
- 4.0
- Reseñas
- 25
- ISBNs
- 199
- Idiomas
- 16
- Favorito
- 10
Esta obra del astrónomo y físico italiano Galileo Galilei, cuyo título completo es Discursos y demostraciones matemáticas en torno a dos nuevas ciencias referidas a la mecánica y a los movimientos locales, fue publicada en la tipografía de los Elzevir en Leyden, en 1638, y dedicada por el autor al conde de Noailles. Última de las obras publicadas por Galileo, fue preparada desde la reclusión forzosa a que lo condenó el segundo proceso inquisitorial, y que Galileo pasó en su quinta de Arcetri, en compañía de sus discípulos; sin embargo, parte de los materiales que la componen son anteriores a 1609, año en que inició su fecunda dedicación a la astronomía.
Galileo con sus discípulos en la quinta de Arcetri
Por esta naturaleza parcialmente recopilatoria, los Discursos y demostraciones matemáticas contienen la mayor parte de las más relevantes aportaciones de Galileo a la física. Presentada en forma de diálogo entre tres interlocutores (los mismos que entablaron el Diálogo sobre los dos máximos sistemas del mundo), la obra se dividía en la edición de 1638 en cuatro jornadas. Las dos primeras tratan de la estructura de los materiales, y conforman la exposición de la "ciencia nueva" que hoy llamamos estática. La tercera se ocupa del movimiento uniforme y uniformemente acelerado de los cuerpos, y la cuarta de la trayectoria de los proyectiles; en ambas se debate la segunda "ciencia nueva", hoy llamada dinámica. A partir de la edición florentina de 1718 se añadieron dos nuevas jornadas: "Sobre la definición de las proporciones de Euclides" y "De la fuerza de percusión".
Con la inserción de no pocas divagaciones geniales y útiles sobre otros asuntos, las dos primeras partes de la obra versan sobre la ciencia del equilibrio de las fuerzas y de la resistencia de los materiales. En ellas se exponen el principio de acción y reacción y diversas consideraciones sobre la cohesión, sobre el vacío, sobre lo continuo y discontinuo y sobre el infinito, todo ello completado con no pocas demostraciones geométricas en las que predomina el sentido de las proporciones, que, como los antiguos griegos, con tanta sagacidad utilizó para sus exposiciones, sin recurrir jamás a fórmulas algebraicas.… (más)