1. Generating Ideas: Freewriting, Brainstorming, Journal-Keeping. Peter Elbow, Freewriting. William Stafford, A Way of Writing. Anne Frank, from The Diary of a Young Girl. William Safire, On Keeping a Diary. Michael Herr, from Dispatches. 2. Clarifying Purpose. Julia Alvarez, Snow. Linda Bird Francke, The Ambivalence of Abortion. Adam Liptak, Playing Air Guitar. Lynne Sharon Schwartz, The Spoils of War. Phan Thanh, My Two Countries, My Flesh and Blood. Margaret Zeman, War 's Aftermath (Student Essay). 3. Establishing Meaning: Creating a Draft. Peter Fenton, Notes on the Writing of Confessions of a Working Stiff. Joyce Maynard, A Perilous Journey. Patrick Fenton, Confessions of a Working Stiff. Anna Quindlen, I Am a Catholic. Anne Taylor Fleming, Losing People. 4. Addressing Audience. Marshall Glickman, Money and Freedom. Hana Wehle, Janushinka. Adrienne Rich, Claiming an Education. Daniel Meier, One Man's Kids. 5. Setting Tone. Rachel L. Jones, Judging a Book by Its Cover. Student Essay with Draft, Margaret Cardello, I Wish. H.L. Mencken, The Penalty of Death. Susan Jacoby, Unfair Game. Anna Quindlen, Going to the Gym. Linda Weltner, Every 23 Minutes... 6. Composing Introductions and Conclusions. Richard Selzer, Mercy. Myra Miller, Farewell to the Bird. Maya Angelou, Step Forward in the Car, Please. Peter Steinhard, Noses, Naturally. Brent Stables, A Brother's Murder. 7. Composing Narrative and Descriptive Essays. Julia Alvarez, Daughter of Invention. Christine Donoghy, A Second Chance. Student Louis J. Russo III, A Shot at Dreams. Eurdora Welty, Miss Duling. Loren Eisley, How Flowers Changed the World. Christopher Hallowell, Man Talk. Joan Ackerman, In New Mexico: A Family Lives in its Own World. 8. Composing Expository Essays. Edward Hoagland, Hail the Anhinga. Wendy C. Modeste, Are You Really a Failure? Marcus Mabry, Living in Two Worlds. Aristotle, Youth and Old Age. George Orwell, Poverty. 9. Composing Persuasive Essays. Jim Fusilli, Criticizing Rock Music Critics. Student Tekla Devai, Why I Don't Read the News Anymore. George Kormos, Giving the Death Penalty to Drug Dealers. Rachel L. Jones, What's Wrong with Black English. Martin Luther King, Jr., I Have a Dream. Joseph Wood Krutch, The Vandal and the Sportsman. Barbara Lazear Ascher, On Compassion. Sydney H. Schanberg, How Should Reporters Cover Death. Louise Montague, Straight Talk About the Living-Together Arrangement. 10. Polishing for Presentation. E.B. White, Death of a Pig. Russell Baker, Here to Stay. William Zinsser, Words. Joan Didion, Marrying Absurd. Anne Morrow Lindbergh, A Few Shells.