The IAEA works with its Member States to help them ensure the safety and security of radioactive sources. The purpose of this Conference was to review current success and challenges in ensuring the safety and security of radioactive sources and to identify means to maintain the highest level of safety and security throughout their life cycle, from manufacture to disposal. These Proceedings contain the opening addresses, the invited and contributed papers presented during the sessions, and summaries of the discussions. The accompanying CD-ROM contains the presentations of most of the papers presented orally, as well as the complete text of the printed volume. The CD-ROM also contains the national reports on implementation of the Code of Conduct submitted to the Conference by States, as per the formalized process established in 2006.