For once the theologians and the biblical scholars are in agreement: Christ has a teaching about politics, but Christ does not teach a theory of politics. However, it is the argument of this book that the political teaching of Christ entails a complete political theory. That theory can be discovered both in Christ's teaching and in the radical impact of that teaching on the political history of the West. That political history can only be understood as a series of deepening separations of power over time, first between the church and the state, and then within both the church and the state. Christ's teaching concerning the radical distinction to be made between God and Caesar has grown, in the past two thousand years, to define all human relations.