Volume 57 is the fifth volume of the Flora of Australiawhich documents the lichens. It emphasizes several speciose and ecologically significant families that colonize the bark of trees and shrubs in monsoon vine forest and in coastal and montane rainforest across northern Australia, viz.Graphidaceae, Phyllopsoraceae, Pyrenulaceae, Thelotremataceae and Trypetheliaceae. In addition, treatments are provided for prominent, mainly tropical and subtropical genera such as Dirinaria, Letrouitia, Pyxineand Strigula, as well as the more widely distributed Buellia s. str., Lepraria, Ramboldiaand Tephromela. In contrast, the volume also includes lichens that are primarily associated with cool-temperate and montane habitats in south-eastern Australia, for example Nephroma, Peltigera, Thelocarponand Umbilicaria. Complete or partial accounts of 21 families are provided, including 78 genera and 654 species and infra-specific taxa. One genus (Schizotrema, Thelotremataceae) and 27 species are described as new to science, and 35 new combinations are made. This work brings to 1822 the number of Australian lichen species and infra-specific taxa treated in the five volumes published. Features * A fully up-to-date account of a significant component of the Australian lichen flora * Full descriptions and synonymy * Comprehensive lists of lichen compounds * Habitat information * Distribution map for each species * 183 plates of high-quality black and white photos and line-art * 64 color illustrations