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The Halo Effect: ... and the Eight Other Business Delusions That Deceive Managers

por Phil Rosenzweig

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Much of our business thinking is shaped by delusions -- errors of logic and flawed judgments that distort our understanding of the real reasons for a company's performance. In a brilliant and unconventional book, Phil Rosenzweig unmasks the delusions that are commonly found in the corporate world. These delusions affect the business press and academic research, as well as many bestselling books that promise to reveal the secrets of success or the path to greatness. Such books claim to be based on rigorous thinking, but operate mainly at the level of storytelling. They provide comfort and inspiration, but deceive managers about the true nature of business success. The most pervasive delusion is the Halo Effect. When a company's sales and profits are up, people often conclude that it has a brilliant strategy, a visionary leader, capable employees, and a superb corporate culture. When performance falters, they conclude that the strategy was wrong, the leader became arrogant, the people were complacent, and the culture was stagnant. In fact, little may have changed -- company performance creates a Halo that shapes the way we perceive strategy, leadership, people, culture, and more. Drawing on examples from leading companies including Cisco Systems, IBM, Nokia, and ABB, Rosenzweig shows how the Halo Effect is widespread, undermining the usefulness of business bestsellers from In Search of Excellence to Built to Last and Good to Great. Rosenzweig identifies nine popular business delusions. Among them: The Delusion of Absolute Performance: Company performance is relative to competition, not absolute, which is why following a formula can never guarantee results. Success comes from doing things better than rivals, which means that managers have to take risks. The Delusion of Rigorous Research: Many bestselling authors praise themselves for the vast amount of data they have gathered, but forget that if the data aren't valid, it doesn't matter how much was gathered or how sophisticated the research methods appear to be. They trick the reader by substituting sizzle for substance. The Delusion of Single Explanations: Many studies show that a particular factor, such as corporate culture or social responsibility or customer focus, leads to improved performance. But since many of these factors are highly correlated, the effect of each one is usually less than suggested. In what promises to be a landmark book, The Halo Effect replaces mistaken thinking with a sharper understanding of what drives business success and failure. The Halo Effect is a guide for the thinking manager, a way to detect errors in business research and to reach a clearer understanding of what drives business success and failure. Skeptical, brilliant, iconoclastic, and mercifully free of business jargon, Rosenzweig's book is nevertheless dead serious, making his arguments about important issues in an unsparing and direct way that will appeal to a broad business audience. For managers who want to separate fact from fiction in the world of business, The Halo Effect is essential reading -- witty, often funny, and sharply argued, it's an antidote to so much of the conventional thinking that clutters business bookshelves.… (más)
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Mostrando 1-5 de 7 (siguiente | mostrar todos)
I don't normally put books I'm reading for work on here, but this one is absolutely brilliant.

Merged review:

I don't normally put books I'm reading for work on here, but this one is absolutely brilliant. ( )
  hierogrammate | Jan 31, 2022 |
The author lists 9 delusions and shows how they distort the advice at the very end, which is more valuable than the stories/ content of the book itself, from my perspective.

The book is not bad, encouraging readers to read the other well-known books with critical thinking at the same time, which is great. However, the ideas in the book are all qualitative, lacking data support and is not that convincing, though the concepts are interesting and indeed valid. ( )
  liuxl89 | Jul 31, 2020 |
Management, Rosenzweig P M
  LOM-Lausanne | Mar 12, 2020 |
The illogical and unreflective nature of most business writing surprises most interested outsiders, that is, writing by theorists or academics intended to be consumed by practitioners. We think, "A vein of non-ridiculous reflections on business must be extant!" This book is not from that, but is useful in that it attacks the useless works that fill business shelves.

If I may summarize:
- independent variables in business studies must be measurable independently (i.e., culture or vision is completely dependent on an organization's current success and are not useful in explaining its features).
- garbage data in, garbage analysis out.
- success rapidly fades, always faster than we hope.
- performance is relative: one must improve faster than competitors.
- Pr(long shot | success) >> Pr(success | long shot), that is, many successes were the result of long shots, but most long shots do not end in success.
- business physics is an oxymoron, as much as business magic.

Rosenzweig's observations in light of the above are:
- strategy and execution always have risk (I cannot determine if he explicitly asserts the unknowability of such risk).
- what works with one workforce may work differently in another. Causes and effects are difficult to disentangle.
- the effects of chance dominate.
- a bad outcome doesn't imply a mistake, and a good outcome doesn't imply foresight. Nassim Taleb calls this the chasm between abilities and payoff.
- once the die is cast, ignore chance: pretend that passion, vigor, and faith dominate.

My complaint is that the above are completely qualitative. This makes the book long and the examples only somewhat convincing. The core content, outlined above, is obviously "correct." No doubt we will see many more books like this soon, as authors jump to weigh in on this trend in business thought. Raynor's "The Strategy Paradox" seems to be another example.

The search for reenactments and non-academic analyses of business decisions, the business world's equivalent of military histories, continues. ( )
  aldebrn | Jul 11, 2010 |
I just finished reading Phil Rosenzweig's book "The Halo Effect...and the Eight Other Business Delusions That Deceive Managers". This book takes aim at the general run of business books and, in particular, their tendency to dress up vivid stories as scientific study. Phil does not seem to have anything against stories per se, nor does he disagree with some of the advice given in the books. What he takes issue with is the focus on a single, definitive "scientific" set of recommendations when there is no real scientific rigor behind them.

He lays out 9 specific delusions and shows how they distort the advice in management books:
- The Halo Effect - tending of analysis of a company to reflect only the overall results
- The Delusion of Correlation and Causality - the lack of proof of causality in many situations
- The Delusion of Single Explanations - one factor is unlikely to be the reason for success or failure
- The Delusion of Connecting the Winning Dots - problems with only considering "winners"
- The Delusion of Rigorous Research - mistaking large volumes of data for good data
- The Delusion of Lasting Success - most companies trend to the mean eventually
- The Delusion of Absolute Performance - companies can do well and still fail if a competitor does better
- The Delusion of the Wrong End of the Stick - successful companies may do various things but that does not mean that doing those things will make you successful
- The Delusion of Organizational Physics - business organizations are just not that predictable

Phil uses various stories to show how the perception of companies and leaders changes when the company's performance does. He also shows how the vivid but unscientific stories that arise from this are then used as evidence by later studies. He repeatedly makes the point that the business world is not a laboratory but a messy and complex world and that this limits our ability to do analysis. He shows that rather than a specific behavior leading to strong company performance, the behavior is at least as likely to be caused by strong company performance. He likens this to Cargo Cults who hope to get planes full of goods to return by recreating the look of a jungle airstrip, mistaking cause and effect.

The overall effect is to make you take most management books with a large pinch of salt - not ignoring them, but recognizing that they are just stories, not science. ( )
  jamet123 | Jul 10, 2009 |
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Much of our business thinking is shaped by delusions -- errors of logic and flawed judgments that distort our understanding of the real reasons for a company's performance. In a brilliant and unconventional book, Phil Rosenzweig unmasks the delusions that are commonly found in the corporate world. These delusions affect the business press and academic research, as well as many bestselling books that promise to reveal the secrets of success or the path to greatness. Such books claim to be based on rigorous thinking, but operate mainly at the level of storytelling. They provide comfort and inspiration, but deceive managers about the true nature of business success. The most pervasive delusion is the Halo Effect. When a company's sales and profits are up, people often conclude that it has a brilliant strategy, a visionary leader, capable employees, and a superb corporate culture. When performance falters, they conclude that the strategy was wrong, the leader became arrogant, the people were complacent, and the culture was stagnant. In fact, little may have changed -- company performance creates a Halo that shapes the way we perceive strategy, leadership, people, culture, and more. Drawing on examples from leading companies including Cisco Systems, IBM, Nokia, and ABB, Rosenzweig shows how the Halo Effect is widespread, undermining the usefulness of business bestsellers from In Search of Excellence to Built to Last and Good to Great. Rosenzweig identifies nine popular business delusions. Among them: The Delusion of Absolute Performance: Company performance is relative to competition, not absolute, which is why following a formula can never guarantee results. Success comes from doing things better than rivals, which means that managers have to take risks. The Delusion of Rigorous Research: Many bestselling authors praise themselves for the vast amount of data they have gathered, but forget that if the data aren't valid, it doesn't matter how much was gathered or how sophisticated the research methods appear to be. They trick the reader by substituting sizzle for substance. The Delusion of Single Explanations: Many studies show that a particular factor, such as corporate culture or social responsibility or customer focus, leads to improved performance. But since many of these factors are highly correlated, the effect of each one is usually less than suggested. In what promises to be a landmark book, The Halo Effect replaces mistaken thinking with a sharper understanding of what drives business success and failure. The Halo Effect is a guide for the thinking manager, a way to detect errors in business research and to reach a clearer understanding of what drives business success and failure. Skeptical, brilliant, iconoclastic, and mercifully free of business jargon, Rosenzweig's book is nevertheless dead serious, making his arguments about important issues in an unsparing and direct way that will appeal to a broad business audience. For managers who want to separate fact from fiction in the world of business, The Halo Effect is essential reading -- witty, often funny, and sharply argued, it's an antidote to so much of the conventional thinking that clutters business bookshelves.

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