This work presents a new aspect to the studies previously devoted to the Egyptian river by the author of La Crue du Nil, divinité égyptienne à travers mille ans dhistoire (1964), and Le Fisc et le Nil (1971). Based like the previous books on documents from Greek papyrology, it is divided into three parts: a presentation of the specific terminology which it was necessary to detail; a study of the administrative personnel who maintain the running and utilization of the Nile; a presentation of the general administration of the management of the Nile at government level with an original study of its financing. Within these sections the author has taken care to maintain the chronological flow of the book by following, on the one hand, the precise stages of the flood during one year, and on the other hand taking into account the evolutionary history of Egypt over a thousand years since the Macedonian conquest up to the Arab conquest.