The implementation of material flow management offers enterprises a high potential for realizing new economic competitive advantages. The eco-efficient optimization of material flows aims at reducing costs while simultaneously achieving long-term sustainability with regard to ecological and societal aspects. Knowledge of existing methods and the latest trends is a key prerequisite for successfully implementing, refining and disseminating material flow management approaches. This book summarises the fundamental concepts and tools of material flow management and presents the newest methods and findings. Case studies illustrate the results from recent research projects conducted in cooperation with industrial companies. The book thereby provides an up-to-date overview of the subject of material flow management for science and practice.